Table of contents

    1. Seven Steps to Better Marketing
    2. Understanding supply factors for agricultural products
    3. How demand and supply determine market price
    4. How exchange rates affect agricultural markets
    5. How interest rates affect agricultural markets
    6. How to use charting to analyse commodity markets
    7. Agriculture marketing clubs
    8. Commodity futures markets
    1. Economics and Marketing – Choosing a Commodity Broker
    2. Margin on futures contracts
    3. Options on futures – an introduction
    4. Using hedging to protect farm product prices
    5. Canola futures contract
    1. Introduction to crop marketing
    2. Basis – How cash grain prices are established
    3. Grain marketing decision grid
    4. Price pooling – How it works
    5. Crop contracts
    6. Grain storage as a marketing strategy
    7. Using producer cars to ship prairie grain
    8. Using frequency charts for marketing decisions
    9. Western Canadian grain catchment
    10. Barley and wheat marketing resources
    11. Wheat basis levels
    12. Wheat quality and protein matters
    13. Wheat pricing considerations
    14. Marketing oats in Canada
    15. US Crops – Where Are They Grown?
    1. Introduction to livestock marketing
    2. Understanding and using basis levels in cattle markets
    3. Forward contracting of cattle
    4. Understanding dressing percentage of slaughter cattle
    5. Understanding the cattle market sliding scale
    6. Predicting feeder cattle prices
    7. Breakeven analysis for feeder cattle
    8. Farm gate values for farm-raised vs purchased calves
    9. Wool marketing in Canada
    10. Marketing feeder lambs
    1. Turf and forage seed trade companies active in the Peace Region
    2. History of creeping red fescue production in the Peace River Region
    3. Alfalfa seed marketing in Canada
    4. Forage seed marketing
    5. Marketing creeping red fescue
    6. Faba bean
    7. Marketing compressed hay
    1. Agricultural Marketing Glossary – A, B
    2. Agricultural Marketing Glossary – C
    3. Agricultural Marketing Glossary – D, E
    4. Agricultural Marketing Glossary – F, G
    5. Agricultural Marketing Glossary – H, I, J, K
    6. Agricultural Marketing Glossary – L, M
    7. Agricultural Marketing Glossary – N, O
    8. Agricultural Marketing Glossary – P, Q, R
    9. Agricultural Marketing Glossary – S
    10. Agricultural Marketing Glossary – T, U
    11. Agricultural Marketing Glossary – V, W
    12. Other Marketing Related Glossaries

Improving farm product marketing

A study of northeast Nebraska farms found that historically 80% of producers consistently received prices in the bottom one-third of the yearly price range for their crops. The same northeast Nebraska study found that 75% of the increased profit on study farms could be made through improved marketing efficiency, while profit increases of only 25% could be made through increased production.

The Nebraska study results, though not directly applicable to Alberta, give an idea of the improvement that can be made in farm incomes without counting on farm product price increases or increasing farm inputs. Marketing clubs offer a good way for producers to improve their marketing skills. Very successful clubs in the United States and western Canada rely on the idea of exchanging help with neighbours, much like in the old days of barn raisings and threshing crews. It is the pooling and sharing of this marketing talent through planned activities that results in better farm income.

How marketing clubs help their members

Successful clubs talk over member's marketing problems and look for solutions. Members compare strategies and learn about various marketing techniques, tips and ‘lingo’ discovered through personal experience. Many people have picked up useful marketing ideas from the school of hard knocks.

Successful clubs invite guest speakers or specialists from the grain or livestock industry, commodity markets or banks to help understand more complicated subjects. Making use of conference calls or webinars saves time and money for presenters and the club members.

A survey in 1998 of 170 members of 13 marketing clubs in Alberta found that the main benefits of belonging to a marketing club, in decreasing order of importance were:

  • increased access to market information
  • open discussion to share marketing expertise and strategies
  • social interaction to meet and build trust with other producers or agri-business staff
  • formation of information and business networks lead to business relationships for both purchasing and sales

Club organization and activities

Clubs may either be formally organized with a chairperson, executive and club dues, or operate informally with no structure to keep things on track. Experience shows that more formal clubs with a chairperson and small executive last longer and take the subject more seriously.

Successful clubs are often made up of more than farmers. They often include agricultural lenders and other agri-business people.

Successful clubs meet regularly. Many meet for breakfast meetings, sometimes as often as twice a month, year around, especially in the first year or two. They feel that marketing is a year round activity and they cannot afford to get behind in knowing what is happening.

Club goals and objectives

Nebraska and Alberta clubs have found that without specified goals and organization, a club doesn't last long.

Successful clubs usually set 6 goals:

  1. To consistently market their products in the top one-third of farm prices for the year.
  2. To develop know-how on marketing strategies, marketing terms and jargon and to understand market information and available marketing tools such as contracting and hedging.
  3. To split up responsibilities and share help in understanding and reporting of commodity price cycles, trends, and outlook analysis.
  4. To meet regularly – at least once a month – to update each other on strategies and market developments.
  5. To work jointly on cost of production figures, marketing goals, and marketing strategies.
  6. To continually evaluate the marketing progress of members and improve their marketing strategies.

Stages of a club

Nebraska and Alberta experience show that marketing clubs usually follow 4 stages over roughly 4 years.

Year 1: watching the markets

  • learning the technical theories
  • learning marketing terminology
  • answering specific marketing questions
  • learning talents of club members
  • sharing knowledge and marketing techniques

Year 2: learning when to pull the marketing trigger

  • learning practical applications of the theories
  • gaining confidence
  • developing producer marketing plans
  • using knowledge to practice what is learned

Year 3: sharpening skills

  • members specialize in certain commodities
  • marketing conferences between clubs

Year 4: new goals and tasks

  • less formal meetings, more market strategizing
  • understand and use government programs

These stages are suggestions and each club may take an entirely different approach.

Marketing club rules

The first Nebraska marketing club drew up a list of rules of membership. Other clubs have generally adopted these rules.

  • No speculation – Members are not encouraged to use their newfound knowledge to speculate because, if losses occur, they may be large.
  • Written marketing plans – Members develop a confidential, written plan that encourages producer discipline and forces calculated decisions. Understanding marketing is of little value if new ideas and knowledge are not used.
  • Club dues – Dues allow purchase of resources such as books or payment of speakers. It encourages producers to take the club seriously.
  • Meetings strictly business – Good to have a social time before or after the meeting but not during. Keeping a meeting on track requires a strict chairperson.
  • Confidentiality – Meeting discussions and decisions remain confidential to protect members and to encourage other producers to join rather than hear the news on the street.
  • Open membership – Clubs are open to all interested producers not just the good-old-boys of the community.
  • Assignments rotated – Special assignments, reports or commodity assignments are rotated to maintain interest and spread workload.
  • No drinking – No alcohol is allowed at meetings. Many clubs do not allow smoking either.
  • Maintain a resource and meeting center – Successful clubs developed a place where all price charts, books and other material is in the same place as meetings are held.
  • Elect officers and conduct evaluation – Groups need at least a strong chairperson. Annual evaluations of the club's progress are important because you need to know what you have accomplished and what needs to be improved.

How to begin

Members of successful marketing clubs in Alberta and Nebraska make these recommendations about prospective club members:

  • Size – Keep the group big enough that at least two members can watch a commodity but small enough it does not become impersonal.
  • Temperament – Pick people who can disagree agreeably. The strength of a marketing group is in discussion. A group sceptic is helpful so that not everyone jumps on the same bandwagon without thinking.
  • Diversity – Ask bankers, grain company staff, livestock marketers and spouses to get involved.
  • Direction – Start by defining the goals of the group because, without goals, a group soon flounders. Goals may be as simple as learning marketing jargon or as ambitious as selling canola for $5 per tonne more than neighbours.
  • Focus – Focus the group's actions on locking in long-term profits and prices rather than what's likely to happen over the next few weeks.

What it means to you

Membership in a serious, successful marketing club can be a way to improve farm income. Members of successful Alberta clubs have found the investment in time pays back handsomely. Club members generally make better marketing decisions. A marketing club is a long-term project that requires a time commitment to organize and remain active. Time limitations may spell doom for an otherwise useful club if the membership depends on outside persons, like grain buyers or lenders, to keep things going. Clubs that have remained active over the long term are member organized and run. For those reasons it is wise to encourage club members to run their own affairs with assistance provided by others when it is needed.

Summary

Marketing clubs can be a useful way to discuss strategies and opinions on commodity markets.

Regular meetings enable producers to exchange ideas that have been acquired through individual experiences.

Effective marketing clubs follow a list of rules in order to keep the group focused.

Participation in a marketing club can be a way to improve farm incomes.

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